What Is Nitrile Made Of? - Gloves.com

30 Jun.,2025

 

What Is Nitrile Made Of? - Gloves.com

When it comes to disposable glove materials, nitrile is one of the most common. But what, exactly, is nitrile? What is it made of and what are its characteristics? And why are disposable nitrile gloves so popular in comparison to other types of gloves like latex or vinyl? Don’t worry - we’ve got all the answers you need when it comes to disposable nitrile gloves.

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What Is Nitrile?

Believe it or not, nitrile is a form of rubber. Its full name, nitrile butadiene rubber, classifies it technically as a type of latex. Yet unlike traditional latex, nitrile doesn’t have any traditional latex - or latex proteins - in it. Instead, it’s a completely synthetic version that makes it ideal for anyone who can’t wear traditional rubber latex gloves because of latex skin allergies. 

The process for creating nitrile is chemically complex, as it involves mixing two synthetic rubber polymers together. These two copolymers, known as acrylonitrile and butadiene, are mixed, blended, and stabilized in order to create a thin, elastic synthetic latex that is then shaped into nitrile gloves.

What Are Nitrile Gloves Made From?

Nitrile gloves are made from a synthetic rubber called nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). This material is a copolymer derived from acrylonitrile and butadiene, which are the primary components. The manufacturing process involves polymerizing these two compounds to create a durable and flexible material. This synthetic rubber offers superior resistance to chemicals, oils, and punctures compared to natural rubber latex, making it an ideal choice for various industries, including medical, automotive, and food processing.

The production of nitrile gloves involves several stages, including compounding, dipping, and curing. Initially, the raw materials are mixed with additives to enhance their properties, such as strength and elasticity. The mixture is then formed into gloves by dipping ceramic or aluminum hand molds into the nitrile compound. After dipping, the gloves undergo a curing process, which involves heating to stabilize the material and ensure durability. This process results in a final product that provides excellent protection, comfort, and tactile sensitivity for users, making nitrile gloves a popular alternative to latex and vinyl gloves.

Why Create a Synthetic Latex Material?

There are a number of reasons why nitrile, and nitrile gloves in particular, were developed. First and foremost there is the allergy problem; a significant percentage of people who would otherwise wear latex gloves as part of their everyday jobs simply couldn’t because of latex skin allergies. This meant they had the unenviable choice of either wearing gloves made from different materials that didn’t provide the same capabilities of latex or risk discomfort and pain through allergic reactions.

There are more reasons why nitrile gloves are a better choice than one made with natural rubber or latex materials, though. Nitrile gloves have a higher resistance to acids and oils than those made from natural latex, which makes them advantageous when people are in situations where they may be exposed to such material. Nitrile gloves are also naturally abrasion and puncture resistant as well, which adds even more protection to the wearer. Finally, nitrile gloves, even disposable nitrile gloves, provide high levels of tactile sensitivity and conform very well to the hand - sometimes even better than a natural latex glove.

Uses for Nitrile Gloves

When it comes to nitrile gloves, they can be used in an almost unlimited number of ways and across dozens, if not hundreds, of professions. In fact, thanks to the nature of these gloves, nitrile has often become the first choice for many professionals throughout the globe. Nitrile gloves are often used in the following ways, though this is certainly not a complete list:

  • The medical industry loves this material, as it provides great protection against contamination and better durability than latex.
  • Scientists handling caustic or dangerous materials rely on these gloves to ensure they have enough dexterity to handle samples safely.
  • Tattoo artists and body piercers use these gloves to keep their customers safe and healthy while performing body modifications.
  • Food service professionals use nitrile gloves as the material can be made food-safe, making these gloves an excellent choice for preparing, handling, and serving food.
  • Hairdressers often wear these gloves while dyeing or treating customers’ hair to protect themselves from hair chemicals and to provide a sterile environment for their customers.
  • Auto mechanics and other tradesmen use nitrile gloves to protect themselves from grease, oil, and other related damage while working on engines, transmissions, and other components.
  • While Carpenters and construction workers don’t use disposable nitrile gloves very often, many wear cloth or canvas safety gloves coated in nitrile to provide an extra layer of protection and grip while on the job.

Disposing of Nitrile Gloves

Since a nitrile glove is created through a synthetic process, many may think that these types of gloves may not be as easy to dispose of as a traditional latex glove or one made from a different type of material. While it is true that nitrile is much more durable than traditional latex, a nitrile glove is indeed biodegradable, just like its traditional latex cousin. This process does take longer than natural latex, however, due to the synthetic nature of this latex.

At the same time, nitrile gloves have an advantage over latex in that they can be recycled, whereas a typical latex glove cannot. Recycling nitrile gloves isn’t as easy as typical consumer recyclables, though. Instead, nitrile glove manufacturers have programs where they offer collection and return services for their own personal protective equipment made out of recyclable materials (including nitrile) so that this equipment can be recycled properly.

The Best of Both Worlds

The nitrile glove was relatively rare at first after they were originally developed. This scarcity was due to manufacturing costs being relatively high compared to traditional latex, and this cost was often passed along to the consumer. As a result, when nitrile first came onto the market, these gloves, despite how they tended to be of higher quality than latex, were often used sparingly and often only for individuals who needed a hypoallergenic glove option. 

Today, by comparison, nitrile gloves are much more common. New manufacturing techniques have reduced the cost of making nitrile, which has made it a competitive choice. Now, the fact that individuals can wear nitrile when they can’t wear latex is just another perk next to nitrile’s increased durability, its versatility, and its ability to be recycled and reused. As a result, nitrile has become increasingly popular across multiple industries.

Will nitrile ever completely replace traditional latex? Most likely not. Will it continue to provide the best of both worlds for a long time to come? It’s almost certain. Nitrile is here to stay!

How to Choose the Right Type of Medical Glove: Chloroprene vs ...

Medical-grade gloves are an important aspect of infection control. With so many options available, choosing the best disposable gloves for your team can be difficult.

Safco Dental Supply is proud to offer a wide range of dental infection control products. Within this article, we will help you determine which type of medical glove is best for your practice.

Why Gloves are Important in a Dental Office

Gloves are an integral piece of personal protective equipment (PPE) which help support optimal infection control

Dental professionals come in close contact with bodily fluids and contaminated surfaces or objects each and every day. In the dental industry, PPE is absolutely crucial in protecting the health of both patient and provider alike. 

Medical gloves provide a protective barrier against disease transmission through blood, saliva, and other contaminated surfaces or objects.

Introducing 4 Types of Medical Gloves

Medical gloves are an important type of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). They protect healthcare professionals and prevent the spread of illness.

Each type of disposable glove provides a different level of protection, unique features, and different benefits.

We’ve reviewed each type of medical glove to help you choose the best option for your dental practice. In the following sections, we will explore the various specifications of the following types of dental gloves:

  • Latex
  • Vinyl
  • Chloroprene
  • Nitrile

About Latex Gloves

Latex is a natural rubber made from the milky white sap of the rubberwood tree or Hevea brasiliensis. Machines filter the latex from the sap transforming it through a process of blending, coagulation and drying.

Due to the nature of the natural rubber fibers in the end product, latex gloves are disposable and biodegradable.

Shop the Safco Dental Supply Selection of Latex Gloves

Pros and Cons of Latex Gloves

In the medical and dental community, latex gloves are often regarded as one of the top choices, ideal for even the most precise of surgeries or procedures. 

Consider the following benefits of latex gloves:

  • Luxurious and soft 
  • Optimal dexterity and tactile sensitivity
  • Disposable
  • Biodegradable
  • Highly durable and cost-effective

When considering the use of latex gloves for your dental practice, it is important to also weigh the potential cons.

Consider the following drawbacks of latex gloves: 

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  • When compared to other types of gloves (like nitrile), latex does not provide the best barrier protection
  • Not exceptionally protective against chemicals
  • May cause allergic reactions for patients or providers with a latex allergy
  • Lacerations and/or holes may be hard to detect; double-gloving may be necessary in some cases
  • Shelf life of 3 years (shorter than other types of gloves)

About Nitrile Gloves

Nitrile gloves are another excellent option if you are looking to avoid natural latex and don’t want to skimp out on durability. 

Nitrile is BPA, latex, powder, phthalate, and vinyl free. It is a synthetic compound that features superior chemical and puncture resistance, and is becoming a top favorite within the medical and dental field. Let’s break down the pros and cons of nitrile gloves.

Shop the Safco Dental Supply Collection of Nitrile Gloves

Pros and Cons of Nitrile Gloves

Nitrile gloves boast a wide range of benefits and are quickly becoming a favorite in the dental field. 

Consider the following benefits of nitrile gloves:

  • Sleek and durable
  • Disposable
  • Protective against chemicals
  • More puncture-resistant than latex gloves
  • Lacerations and holes are easy to detect
  • Hypoallergenic
  • Waterproof
  • Textured fingertip finish for optimal grip
  • Beaded cuff to protect wrists and forearms
  • Shelf life of 5 years
  • Recyclable

Keeping the benefits of nitrile gloves in mind, consider the drawbacks, as well.

Consider the following drawbacks of nitrile gloves:

  • Can not be used on ketones or organic compounds that contain nitrogen
  • Not biodegradable
  • Higher price point than latex gloves
  • Less tactile than latex 
  • Not biodegradable

About Chloroprene

Chloroprene is a durable type of synthetic rubber that mimics the look and feel of natural latex. This type of medical glove should not trigger latex allergies.

Shop the Safco Dental Supply Collection of Chloroprene Gloves

Pros and Cons of Chloroprene Gloves

Chloroprene gloves are ideal for a wide range of clinical applications and are known to be the closest alternative to latex gloves - without the risk of possible allergic reactions to latex. Continue reading for a full breakdown of the pros and cons of dental chloroprene gloves.

Consider the following benefits of chloroprene gloves:

  • Superior comfort, dexterity, and tactile sensitivity comparable to that of latex gloves
  • Beaded cuff to protect wrists and forearms
  • Optimal elasticity
  • Puncture-resistant
  • Water resistant
  • Latex free, won’t trigger allergic reaction

Of course, it is important to consider the drawbacks that come along with the use of chloroprene gloves.

Consider the following drawbacks of chloroprene gloves:

  • Not as chemical-resistant as nitrile gloves
  • Not as puncture-resistant when compared with nitrile gloves
  • Not biodegradable
  • Higher price point when compared with other types of gloves

About Vinyl Gloves

Vinyl gloves are made from a synthetic material known as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). They are widely regarded as one of the most low-cost medical glove options. Let’s discuss the pros and cons of vinyl gloves in dentistry.

Pros and Cons of Vinyl Gloves

Consider the following benefits of vinyl gloves:

  • Lower price point than other types of gloves
  • Non allergenic
  • Beaded cuff to protect wrists and forearms
  • Disposable

Consider the following drawbacks of vinyl gloves:

  • Not biodegradable
  • Do not provide the dexterity or tactile sensitivity that is found with other types of gloves
  • Thin material is prone to lacerations or puncture holes

Latex vs Vinyl vs Chloroprene vs Nitrile Gloves: Key Differences

There are some notable differences between each type of medical glove; read on to learn more.

Material Composition

Each type of glove is made up of a different type of material. Each type of material has specific purposes and benefits. 

  • Latex: Latex is ideal for providers who are looking for a luxurious and comfortable fit. Latex also provides optimal tactile sensitivity and is highly durable. Because of their naturally-based composition, latex gloves are completely biodegradable. Keep in mind that latex allergies are common, and latex degrades with extensive exposure to certain chemicals.
  • Nitrile: Nitrile gloves are made from synthetic rubber and are quite durable. Nitrile gloves may not be a good option for you if you plan to work with oxidizing acids, organic compounds that contain nitrogen, or ketones. Keep in mind that nitrile gloves are not as tactile as latex or chloroprene gloves.
  • Vinyl: Vinyl gloves are made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). However, it is important to keep in mind that certain vinyl gloves are thin and prone to punctures or lacerations. 
  • Chloroprene: Chloroprene gloves are composed of a synthetic rubber that is designed to mimic the texture and appearance of natural latex. This is an excellent option if you prefer latex gloves but wish to avoid possible allergic reactions.

Durability and Resilience

  • Latex: Latex gloves are known to be exceptionally durable, though it is important to keep in mind that they are not especially protective against chemicals.
  • Nitrile: Nitrile gloves are more resilient and durable than most other types of dental gloves. You may want to opt for nitrile gloves if you are working with sharp equipment or have an issue with puncture holes and/or lacerations in your gloves.
  • Vinyl: Vinyl gloves are not quite as durable as the other options, such as nitrile.
  • Chloroprene: Chloroprene gloves are designed to mimic latex gloves, meaning that they provide a decent amount of resilience and durability, but they tend to fall short when compared with nitrile gloves.

Allergy Considerations

As previously discussed, latex allergies are quite common. In order to avoid possible allergic reactions in both staff members and patients alike, it is best to opt for a non-allergenic option. Nitrile, vinyl, and chloroprene gloves are all excellent non-allergenic medical glove options.

Choosing the Right Glove

As you have learned here, there are many deciding factors in the process of choosing the right glove for your dental practice. 

Whatever your preferences or needs, Safco Dental Supply is here to provide you with top-tier products, such as:

  • Safco Nitrilex UltraSoft
  • Safco EZ Green Chloroprene
  • Safco DuraSoft™ latex gloves
  • Pulse Nitrile
  • Nuvo™ Vinyl Gloves
  • Surgical Gloves

Shop Safco Dental’s Selection of Infection Control Supplies for Your Practice

More Factors to Consider When Selecting Gloves

There are a few other things to consider when choosing the types of medical gloves that work best for you, such as:

  • Powdered vs Powder-Free Gloves: Powdered gloves are coated in cornstarch to allow for easy application and to prevent the gloves from sticking to each other. This type of disposable glove may be ideal if you run a busy practice, but it is important to keep in mind that powdered gloves may sometimes trigger allergies or sensitivities.
  • Shelf Life: The shelf life of medical gloves depends on the material and storage conditions. Following proper storage guidelines is the best way to extend the shelf life of your gloves.
  • Chlorinated vs Non-Chlorinated Gloves: If you want gloves that are easy to apply and won’t stick together but do not wish to use powdered options, you may opt for chlorinated gloves.

Chlorination is a process that hardens the gloves’ surface with hypochlorite or chlorine gas. This decreases surface friction, creating a glove that has a superior grip and is easy to put on and take off without the use of powder.

Explore Glove Options for Your Practice from Safco

The truth is that there is no specific type of glove that is better than the rest. The type of glove that best suits your dental practice depends on your needs.

When choosing disposable gloves for your practice, be sure to take a look at the product specifications; the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires any and all materials used to make the gloves to be clearly listed.

Looking for some assistance in choosing the best medical gloves? Feel free to contact us anytime and learn more about the dental industry and shop top supplies from the experts at Safco Dental.

Give us a call at 800.621. to speak with one of our experts about different types of dental gloves.

For more information, please visit white nitrile gloves.