In the global industrial supply chain, stainless steel has become the core material due to its corrosion resistance, strength and diversified applications. However, in the face of complex international standard systems (such as ASTM, EN, JIS, etc.), many buyers are prone to be confused when choosing stainless steel. This article will take ASTM standards as the core to systematically analyze the classification, performance and applicable scenarios of stainless steel materials, and provide a scientific procurement guide to help you accurately match your needs and reduce procurement risks.
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The ASTM (American Association of Materials and Testing) standard is one of the most widely used materials specification systems in the world, covering key indicators such as chemical composition, mechanical properties, and processing technology.ASTM certified steel ensures that the material performance meets the strict requirements of international engineering projects (such as petrochemicals, food machinery, building structures) For example:
1.ASTM A240:Stainless steel plate/thin plate for pressure vessels and general equipment
2.ASTM A276:Stainless steel bars and profiles
3.ASTM A312:Seamless with welded stainless steel pipes
1.Ordinary environment (indoor/dry climate):304 and 400 series can satisfy the requirement.
2.High corrosion environment (coastal/chemical area):Preferred 316L or duplex steel containing molybdenum (e.g. )
3.Extreme temperature scenarios:Pay attention to the oxidation resistance of the material (such as 310S high temperature resistant stainless steel)
1.Strength:Duplex stainless steel (such as S) yield strength can reach 450MPa, which is 2 times that of 304
2.Forming requirements:Choose low-carbon grades (such as 304L) for deep-draining to avoid hardening
1.2B,BA,8K,NO.4,HL and so on are the common surface treatment.
2.The products of different grades and different steel mills will have different tolerances, so it is necessary to clarify the tolerance range before purchasing.
1.Alternative: Using 201 instead of 304 in non-pressure scenarios can reduce costs by 15% to 20%.In a dry environment, QN can be used instead of 304, reducing the cost by about 30%.
2.Standardization of specifications: Reducing non-standard customization can shorten lead times and reduce scrap rates.
1.Required certification: ISO quality management system, ASTM/EN Original warranty
2.Service capabilities: Inventory turnover (to ensure delivery of urgent orders), technical support team
Case: A customer in the Middle East purchased “non-standard 304″ for seawater desalination equipment, pitting corrosion occurred 6 months later, and the actual test found that the nickel content was less than 8% (lower than the 8% to 10.5% required by ASTM 304).
Laser cutting is recommended to choose low carbon steel (such as 316L), traditional stamping needs to pay attention to the ductility of the material.
Choose a supplier with a global logistics network to avoid project delays due to port strikes and tariff changes.
Mastering the ASTM standards is the first step in optimizing stainless steel procurement. Whether you need marine grade duplex steel, food grade 316L or colored stainless steel for building decoration,we will provide the best plan and quotation in time.
Post time: Mar-27-Stands for American Iron and Steel Institute. The institute serves as the voice of the North American steel industry. AISI numbers are used to categorize metals by alloy type and carbon content, and they do it with four digits. The first two digits of an AISI number refer to the alloy type, and the second two digits refer to carbon content.
A metal made by combining two or more metallic elements. An alloy typically possesses qualities different from those of the components used to create it.
Stands for American Society for Metals. ASM International is the world’s largest association of metal material engineers and scientists. The association engages and connects materials professionals and their organizations to the resources necessary to solve problems, improve outcomes, and advance society.
Stands for American Society for Testing and Materials. ASTM International is a not-for-profit organization that develops standards for materials, products, systems, and services. Metal with an ASTM designation meets the international standards for quality and regulations.
This process levels coil into a flat sheet or blank. The service provides better length and width tolerances than sheared product, and it can improve diagonal tolerances as well.
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Cutting metals can leave behind burrs, which are unwanted raised edges or protrusions. Deburring is the process of removing these burrs with a tool.
Drawing is a metalworking process that uses tensile forces to stretch metal. As the metal is drawn, it stretches thinner, into a desired shape and thickness.
Drawing is usually done at room temperature, classifying it as a cold working process. However, it may be performed at elevated temperatures during special applications like on large wires, rods, or hollow sections in order to reduce forces.
A metal fabricating term that refers to the degree to which a material can be bent, stretched, or compressed before rupturing. A metal’s elongation is a point between tensile strength and yield strength, and it is typically expressed as a percentage of the original length.
The thickness of sheet metal in the USA is commonly specified by a traditional, non-linear measure known as its gauge. The larger the gauge number, the thinner the metal.
A heat number is an identification number that is stamped on a material plate to prove it meets industry quality standards which require materials to be tested by the manufacturer. The heat lot or heat number is used to identify production runs for quality control purposes.
Edge rolling is the process of adding finishing edges to metal. It forms the edge of a strip to the desired shape beyond that of a standard slit edge.
Stands for Military Standard. This classification establishes uniform engineering and technical requirements for military-unique or substantially modified commercial processes, procedures, practices, and methods. In order to qualify, materials have undergone rugged, exact testing, equal to the exigencies of combat use.
Normalization is a heat treatment that relieves stress on steel to improve ductility and toughness in steel that may harden after the cold working process. During normalization, steel is warmed to a temperature just above its upper critical point. Normalized heat treatment facilitates a more uniform final product.
The Rockwell Scale indicates the hardness of materials. Rockwell hardness numbers are most often used to describe the hardness of metals, although they are also used for some plastics. The Rockwell scale is based on measuring the depth of the indentation made by pressing a diamond point into a material.
Stands for Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE International is a global association of engineers and related technical experts in the aerospace, automotive, and commercial-vehicle industries. Materials meeting SAE standards are internationally recognized for safety, quality, and effectiveness.
Slitting is a precise shearing process, but instead of making cuts at the end of a workpiece like shearing, slitting cuts a wide coil of metal into a number of narrower coils as the main coil is moved through the slitter. During the slitting process, the metal coil passes lengthwise through the slitter’s circular blades.
Temper refers to reheating hardened, normalized, or mechanically worked steel to a temperature below the critical range to soften it and improve impact strength. Tempering results in greater toughness by decreasing an alloy’s hardness.
The maximum stress a material will withstand before fracturing or breaking. The ultimate tensile strength is calculated from the maximum load applied during the test, divided by the original cross-sectional area.
Stands for the Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys. UNS designation provides a means of correlating internationally used metal and alloy numbering systems currently administered by societies, trade associations, and those individual users and producers of metals and alloys. This system is meant to avoid the confusion caused by using more than one identification number for the same metal or alloy, and the opposite situation of having the same number assigned to two or more different metals or alloys.
The amount of stress a material can withstand before causing permanent deformity.
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